I will eventually get to some other topics, but there are certain passages of
scripture related to the law/old covenant and the new covenant that I want to
work through before moving on. Just trying to get them into one place so they
can be referred back to in the future.
Another passage that often stirs discussion is Matthew 5:17-18,
although for this blog entry we will work through verse 20. This passage, known
as the Sermon on the Mount, is the longest piece of Jesus' teaching in the
whole New Testament and includes the Beatitudes and the Lord's Prayer and
extends clear into chapter 7.
Matthew was writing to a Jewish audience so the law (which
includes the whole law and prophets, and certainly the 10 commandments, or
covenant made with Israel) is something Matthew records since the listener(s)
(Jews) would be especially attuned to what he had to say, and most certainly the
religious leaders/Pharisees, the best law-keepers on the planet. Here is what
Jesus taught:
I Came to Fulfill
"Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them." Matthew 5:17
Clearly, Jesus said he did NOT come to abolish the law (Law
& Prophets). Rather, he came to fulfill them. This begs the question:
Did Jesus do what he said he came to do, to fulfill the law? It is one or the
other, either he did, or he did not.
"Truly I tell you, until heaven and earth disappear, not the smallest letter, not the least stroke of a pen, will by any means disappear from the Law until everything is accomplished." Matthew 5:18
Some make an argument that goes something like this:
"Heaven and earth have not disappeared, so the law has not
disappeared." But this presents a big problem. If that was the point Jesus
was trying to make, that heaven and earth would have to disappear first, the
next part says that not even the smallest pen stroke (dot or
iota) would have disappeared or changed. None of it! Which means that all of
it would still be binding to those under the law. It is here that we must begin
doing "scriptural gymnastics" to attempt to get around this fact, if
we take such a position, because nothing in the Law or the
Prophets would have changed. Many attempt to divide the law into different
categories, which gets really subjective, and then argue that certain
categories were fulfilled, but others weren't. But Jesus' words, in the context
of the whole Law and Prophets are that not even the smallest
stroke would by any means disappear.
The last four words are the key to understanding what Jesus was
saying: "...until everything is accomplished." Jesus
had just stated he hadn't come to abolish the law, but to fulfill it.
In that context he is saying that nothing would disappear from the law UNTIL he
accomplished what he said he came to do, to fulfill the Law and the Prophets.
Did Jesus do what he said he came to do?
These Commands
"Anyone who sets aside one of the least of these commands and teaches others accordingly will be called least in the kingdom of heaven, but whoever practices and teaches these commands will be called great in the kingdom of heaven." Matthew 5:19
In Matthew 5-7 Jesus is teaching and giving his commands. If we
attempt to look at the word "commands" through the lens of the 10 C's
(old covenant) this passage cannot be reconciled, since Jesus already made the
point that he came to fulfill the law. Don't miss Jesus' commands (i.e.
"You have heard that it was said...'You shall not murder...' But I tell
you that anyone who is angry with a brother...will be subject to
judgment." vs. 21-22). He is teaching a righteousness that is beyond the
scope of the law, which is why he fulfilled it. We've all been angry at
someone, and even though we did not murder them (letter of the law) we were
guilty of murder!
So, "the least of these commands" are contextually in
reference to the "sermon" Jesus was teaching, Matthew 5-7. We don't
have to guess what he was referring to because it's right there in the text.
Setting aside "these commands" means you're called least in the
kingdom of heaven. Practicing them means you're called great in the
kingdom of heaven. The rest of the "sermon" is about teaching and
commands regarding murder, adultery, divorce, oaths, seeking revenge, loving
our enemies, giving to the needy, prayer, fasting, storing up treasure in
heaven, not worrying, judging others, seeking the Father, true and false
prophets/disciples, and the wise and foolish builders. There is no gymnastic
required when it is taken in context.
Righteousness Surpasses
"For I tell you that unless your righteousness surpasses that of the Pharisees and the teachers of the law, you will certainly not enter the kingdom of heaven." Matthew 5:20
If Jesus didn't do what he said he came to do, fulfill the Law and
the Prophets, this would be a seriously disheartening text to those who
consider themselves "under the law!" The Pharisees were the best
law-keepers in the world. They knew every "smallest pen stroke" and
kept it. I've heard people attempt to rationalize this away by saying it is a
reference to the additions to the law Jesus is referring to. But Paul, a former
Pharisee, shows that he/they really were good law keepers:
Depends on Faith
"For we are the circumcision, who worship by the Spirit of God and glory in Christ Jesus and put no confidence in the flesh - though I myself have reason for confidence in the flesh also. If anyone else thinks he has reason for confidence in the flesh, I have more: circumcised on the eighth day, of the people of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew of Hebrews; as to the law, a Pharisee; as to zeal, a persecutor of the church; as to righteousness under the law, blameless. But whatever gain I had, I counted as loss for the sake of Christ. Indeed, I count everything as loss because of the surpassing worth of knowing Christ Jesus my Lord. For his sake I have suffered the loss of all things and count them as rubbish, in order that I may gain Christ and be found in him, not having a righteousness of my own that comes from the law, but that which comes through faith in Christ, the righteousness from God that depends on faith -" Philippians 3:3-9
That is from the "mouth" of an actual Pharisee who
turned everything over to Christ. Jesus was teaching about a righteousness that is
apart from the law he came to fulfill, a righteousness that only he could
provide. Paul said he was "blameless" as far as the law was
concerned, but that he counted it as "rubbish" in order to gain
Christ, his Source of righteousness that comes through faith.
And so the question remains: Did Jesus do what he said he came to do, fulfill the law? I believe he did. What do you believe? Fulfilled or not fulfilled?